GABION BOX-Zinc Coated Galvanized Box Gabions, Galfan Coated Gabion Box, pvc coated gabion boxes

Gabion Unit Form: Wire Mesh Box Gabions Container
Forms of corrosion resistance for gabion boxes: Hot dipped zinc coating, pvc coating, galfan coating.
Lacing forms of wire gabion boxes: tying of steel wire and lacing of c rings.
Gabion boxes are generally more rigid and often designed as smaller, modular units than gabion cages. Gabion boxes can stack easily, ideal for constructing retaining walls and protective structures.

BOX GABIONS MADE OF HOT –DIP GALVANIZED WIRE MESH is a popular type of box gabions in corrosion resisting bank works.

Standard cell sizes:
Dimensions (LXWXH) in meters
3 X 1 X 1
2 X 1 X 1
1,5 X 1 X 1
1 X 1 X 1
2 X 1 X 0,5

The standard type box gabion shall be made from flexible hot dip galvanized wire mesh.

Mesh Form: Twist Weave Wire Mesh
The mesh shall be hexagonal woven mesh of the type 8 X 10 cm with the Joins formed by twisting each pair of wires through three half turns.

Wire
The wire used in the fabrication of the gabions and in the wiring operation during, construction shall be in accordance with BS 1052:1980 “Mild steel wire” having an average tensile strength of 360-520 N/mm². These values refer to the wire before fabrication of the netting. The diameter of the wire used in the fabrication of the netting shall not be less than 2.7 mm.

Galvanizing
All wires used in the fabrication of the gabions and in the wiring operation during construction shall be galvanized in accordance with CYS EN 10244 – 2:2009. The minimum zinc coating on wire 2.7 mm in diameter shall not be less than 245 gr/m². In case the diameter of the wire used in the fabrication of the netting is greater than the value specified, then the thickness of the zinc coating shall be in accordance with CYS EN 10244-2:2009.

The adhesion of the zinc coating to the wire shall be such that when the wire is wrapped six turns round on a cylindrical mandrel having four times the diameter of the wire it does not flake or crack when rubbing it with the bare fingers.

Selvedges
All edges of the standard gabions including end panels and the diaphragms shall be mechanically selvedged in such a way as to prevent reveling of the mesh and to develop the full strength of the mesh. The wire used for the selvedge shall have a diameter equal to or greater than 3.4 mm. The zinc coating of these wires shall be in accordance with CYS EN 10244-2:2009.

Lacing wire
Sufficient lacing and connecting wire shall be supplied with the gabions for all the wiring operations to be carried out in the construction of the gabions work. The quantity of such wire is estimated to be about 5 per cent approx. of the gabion weight supplied. The diameter of the lacing wire shall be 2.2 mm and the minimum mass of zinc coating shall be as given CYS EN 10244 – 2:2009.

Tolerances
Tolerances on diameter of zinc coated round wire shall be as given in table 2 of BS1052:1980.

Box Gabion Specifications and Countries We Supply

Mesh Gabion Boxes to Ukraine

Gabion busket / gabion boxes of the following size:4x2x0.5, the edges wire 6mm and the wire 4 mm used between the edges.

Wire box gabion, galvanised, pvc / vinyl coated, FOR RIVER EMBANKMENT PROTECTION

Gabion Boxes of following specifications for project in India:
Wire Dia : 2.7mm + 1mm PVC coating
MOC of Wire : Galvanised
Total wire dia : 3.7mm
Mesh Size : 80 to 100
Size of Box : 1M x 1M x 1M

Galfan & PVC Coated Gabion Boxes

Box Gabions Galfan & Green Plastic coated - Mesh Wire with Diaphragms and binding Wire
Mesh Size: 80 x 100 mm
Mesh Wire Galfan + PVC: 2.7/3.7 mm
Selvedge Wire Galfan + PVC: 3.4/4.4 mm
Ties Wire Galfan + PVC: 2.2 /3.2 mm
Size (Thick. x Width x Length): 1m x 1m x 3m

Grey Coated Galvanized Zinc coated Gabion Box

Australia gabion box in grey color:
Gabion box 2x1x1
Mesh size 8x10 cm
Mesh wire 2.7/3.8m
Selvedge wire 3.4/4 partition
Gabion to conform to BS1052/1980
Hot dipped galv coating on fabric ferrous articals to AS/NZS 4680:2006

Gabion Boxes with the following specifications deliver to Dubai, UAE.

Description

GABION boxes - 3 m wide x 0.3 m height with cover and lacing wire
Quality conforming to BS443, BS 1052 GRADES

GABION boxes - 1 m wide x 1 m height with cover and lacing wire
Quality conforming to BS443, BS 1052 GRADES

GABION BOX / BASKETS, Delivered to Colombo

Description

GABION BOXES
HEAVILY GALVANIZED + PVC COATED HEXAGONAL GABION BOXES
MESH SIZE: 80 x 100 MM
MESH WIRE GI + PVC: 2.7 / 3.7 MM
SELVEDGE WIRE GI + PVC: 3.4 / 4.4 MM
PARTITION: EVERY ONE METER
COLOUR: GREY

SIZE IN (M) : [LENGTH : 3M] x [WIDTH : 1M] x [HEIGHT : 1M]
PARTITION : 2

SIZE IN (M) : [LENGTH : 3M] x [WIDTH : 1.5M] x [HEIGHT : 1M]
PARTITION : 2

SIZE IN (M) : [LENGTH : 1.5M] x [WIDTH : 1M] x [HEIGHT : 1M]
PARTITION : 0

SIZE IN (M) : [LENGTH : 1.5M] x [WIDTH : 1M] x [HEIGHT:0.5M]
PARTITION : 0

LACING WIRE
SIZE ( MM ) : 2.2 / 3.2 ( G.I + PVC )

ALL WIRES QUOTED ABOVE CONFORMS TO :
1: BS EN 10223 – 3 FOR HEXAGONAL STEEL WIRES FOR NETTING
2: BS EN 10244 – 2 CLASS A FOR ZINC COATING
3: BS 1052 FOR TENSILE STRENGTH

MESH GABION BOX, To Thailand

Dimension (L x W x H) = 2 x 1 x 0.5 (all units in Meter)
Mesh Size : 80 x 100 mm

GABION BOXES AND MATTRESS
Deliver to USA

Description

2.7mm Galvanised, and 4mm pvc coated hot dipped.

Gabion Boxes

Mattress
2m X 1m X .3m
3m X 1m X .3m
3m X 2m X .3m
4m X 1m X .3m
4m X 2m X .3m

HOT DIPPED GALVANISED BOX GABIONS AND WIRE

Deliver to Greece Market

Description

Hot dipped galvanized box gabions, Double - Torsion wire mesh 8X10cm, wire diameter 3.00mm and wire selvedge diameter 3.90mm min, dimensions of the box: Base 1.00m X 2.00m., Height 0.50m. galvanization weight 260gr/m2

Hot dip galvanized wire of 2.50mm diameter packed in the roll of 25 Kgr each.

BOX OF GABIONS AND PLASTIC BAGS FOR RIVER EMBANKMENT PROTECTION

Deliver to Turkey market

Description

Gabions and plastic bags for Kabul

Supply of Empty Box of Gabions for river embankment protection made of steel and consist of uniform mesh as under:
1. size 1 m x 1 m x 2 m (Tolerance of ±5% of length, width and height shall be permitted),
2. Weight 18 Kg ,
3. Wire diameter for gabions (Selvedge wire) 4 mm ± 0.1 mm,
4. Internal wire (Mesh wire) diameter 3 mm ± 0.1 mm,
5. Lacing wire diameter 2.2 mm ± 0.1 mm 6. Size of net hole 120 x 100 mm ± Tolerance (10%)
6. Wire for fabrication and assembly shall be Galmac coated only and confirming to ASTM A856-97

With:
HDPE ( High Density Polythene) / PP (Polypropylene) woven bags capacity to carry 50 Kg sand with details as under:
1. Width 50 cms (± 1 cm)
2. Height 120 cms (± 2 cm)
3. Weight Minimum 0.10 Kg/Bag

GALFAN COATED GABION BOXES AND MATTRESSES

Deliver to American

Description

Conforming to the technical specification of Galfan Gabion Boxes & Mattresses

Galfan Coated Gabion Boxes
Box Gabions Galfan coated - Mesh Wire with Diaphragms and binding Wire
Mesh Size: 60 x 80 mm
Mesh Wire Galfan: 2.7 mm
Selvedge Wire Galfan: 3.4 mm
Ties Wire Galfan: 2.2 mm
Size (Thick. x Width x Length): 0.5m x 1m x 3m

Galfan Coated Gabion Boxes
Box Gabions Galfan coated - Mesh Wire dia. 2.4 mm with Diaphragms and binding Wire dia. 2.2 mm
Mesh Size: 60 x 80 mm
Mesh Wire Galfan: 2.4 mm
Selvedge Wire Galfan: 3.0 mm
Ties Wire Galfan: 2.2 mm
Size (Thick. x Width x Length): 1m x 1m x 2m

Galfan Coated Gabion Boxes
Box Gabions Galfan coated - Mesh Wire dia. 2.4 mm with Diaphragms and binding Wire dia. 2.2 mm
Mesh Size: 60 x 80 mm
Mesh Wire Galfan: 2.4 mm
Selvedge Wire Galfan: 3.0 mm
Ties Wire Galfan: 2.2 mm
Size (Thick. x Width x Length): 0.5m x 1m x 2m

Additional Notes:
1. Gabion Boxes & Mattresses structure made of hexagonal double twisted wire mesh laced together. All steel wires used for manufacturing the Gabion Boxes & Mattresses are conforms to BS 1052 for tensile strength requirements. The zinc coating or Alu-zinc coating or wires conform to BS 443/EN 10244-2 requirement.
2. Tensile strength 350-500 N/mm2
3. Elongation not less than 10%
4. Galfan ZN 95 %-AL 5% According to BS 443/EN 10244-2
5. PVC coated wire conforming to various ASTM standards.
6. PVC Wire: Thickness not less than 0.5 mm.
7. Lacing operation: Submitted by the manufacturer.
8. Lasing tools: pilers, piler with nipper, nipper, crowbar, additional necessary tools submitted by the manufacturer.
9. Galfan durability curves should be submitted by the manufacturer.
10. Diaphragms to stitched every 1m distance to make one cubic meter box.

Packing:
Gabion boxes mattresses must be stowed and wrapped up so that it can be transported easily by forklift.
Every bundle marked by a tied label( plate ) bearing box size, mesh size, length, width, height, and Etc.

GABON BOX OF GI WIRE MESH

Deliver to Oman C & F Muscat basis

Description
Gabion Box, G.I, Size: 1M x 0.5M x 0.5M

Specification:
G.I. Wire mesh conform to BS443 for Zinc coating and BS1052.
* Mesh Size: 80 x 100
* Mesh Wire: 2.4mm, Hot Dip G.I. Wire.
* Slev. Wire: 2.7mm, Hot Dip G.I. Wire.
* Lacing Wire: 2mm, Hot Dip G.I. Wire..
* Diaphragm at every 1M Centre.

HEXAGONAL GABIONS BOX

Deliver to UAE region

Description

Hex mesh gabions box
Made of Galvanized Wire Gage 6
Net size 2" X 2" or 1,1/2" x1,1/2"
High Gage Cloth Bag in black

Sizes
a Length 4 Feet
Height 4 Feet
Width 4 Feet

b Length 3 Feet
Height 4 Feet
Width 2 Feet

A Wall size (for road)
Length 233 Feet
Height 8 Feet
Width 4 Feet

B Wall size ( for road)
Length 275 Feet
Height 8 Feet
Width 4 Feet

SUPPLYING GABIONS BOXES TO DAM CONSTRUCTION IN UAE

Deliver to Contractors of the leading construction company in UAE
Gabions Protection project.

Description

Gabion box size and mesh details as shown in PDF

Gabions Box (hot dipped galv. wire )
2x1x1 metre
main wire: 2.7mm
edge wire: 3.4mm
Opening: 100X120

GABION BOXES PVC COATED

Description

Supplied with Matress PVC COATED
Geo Fabric patch 250 mm sqare glued to backs of walls to screen weepholes
to Tanzania.

Hot dipped galvanized box gabions, to Greece

Description

Hot dipped galvanized box gabions, Double - Torsion wire mesh 8X10cm, wire diameter 3.00mm and wire selvedge diameter 3.90mm min

Dimensions of the box: Base 1.00m X 2.00m., Height 0.50m.

Stitching galvanized wire of 2.50mm diameter

Packed in the roll of 25 Kgr each.

Gabion Boxes Custom Designed for Construction in Romania.

Description

Details about the gabions :

Mesh wire 2.8mm thickness; Selvedge wire: 3.4mm; Mesh type: approximately 50x50mm

All wires should be galvanized.

The gabion box dimensions:

Heigh x width x length:
0.3 x 3 x 4m
1 x 2 x 3m
1 x 1 x 3m
0.5 x 3 x 7m
1 x 1.5 x 2m
0.5 x 3 x 3m
1.5 x 3 x 3m

Dimensions (surfaces):
3x4m
0.3x3m
0.3x4m
2x3m
2x1m
1x3m
1x1m
3x7m
0.5x3m
2x1.5m
1x1.5m

Gabion boxes, deliver to Cyprus

Description

Material (mesh wire or welded if available 7.2cm x 7.2cm)
Wire diameter 2.7mm or 3.00mm or 3.4mm
Electro galvanized or hot dipped galvanized ( around 250g per square meter)
PVC coated (with above wire diameters)
Mesh opening 120mm x 150mm

Size: 3m length x 1m width x 1m height, with 2 diaphragms
Size: 2m length x 1m width x 1m height, with 1 diaphragm
Size: 2m length x 0.50m width x 1m height, with 1 diaphragm

Heavy Galvanized Zinc coated Gabion Box, for Philippine

Description

Size: 2M (L) x 1M (W) x 1M (H)
Mesh Opening: 10cmx12cm
Mesh wire: 2.70mm
Salvedge wire: 3.40mm
Tie Wire: 2.20mm (lacing wire)

Heavy Galvanized Zinc coated Mattress Box
Size: 6M (L) x 2M (W) x 3M (H)
Mesh Opening: 10cm x12cm
Mesh wire: 2.70mm

Gabion box zinc coated for USA

Description

Mesh size 80x100mm
Wire diameter 4mm
Gabion size 2m x 1m x 1m, 3m x 1m x 1m, 4m x 1m x 1m, 2m x 1m x 0.5m, 4m x 1m x 0.5m.
Material: Zinc coating metallic

Gabion boxes:
length 2 metres
width 1 metre
height 1 metre

Mesh opening 120 x 150 mm, wire diameter 2.7 mm

Length 2 metres
width 0,50 metre
height 1 metre

Mesh opening 120 x 150 mm, wire diameter 2.7 mm

Gabions Boxes Exported to Russia

Description

Габион 

Матрацы Рено

Gabion Boxes for Water Resources Project

Description

Galfan&PVC coated gabion boxes
Size(thick*width*lenght):1m*1m*2m
mesh size :60*80mm
dia wire:3mm

Size(thick*width*lenght):1m*1m*3m
Mesh size :80*100mm
Dia wire:3mm

Size(thick*width*lenght):0.5*1*3m
Mesh size :60*80mm
Dia wire:2.7mm

Size(thick*width*lenght):0.5*1*2m
mesh size :60*80
dia wire:3mm

Size(thick*width*lenght):0.25*2*3m
mesh size :60*80mm
dia wire:2.2mm

Cover gabion(2*3)
mesh size:60*80mm
dia wire:2.2mm

Gabion (0.65*2), dia wire:3mm
Target market: Arab gulf (Iraq/Jordan/Syria/uae)

Galfan Gabion Boxes and Mattresses, to Iraq

Description

Gabion box specifications:
1. Dimensions : 1 x 1 x 2 m.
2. Wire diameter : 3 ,4 mm.
3. Wire shape : hexagonal wire nettings
4. Wires opening 80 x 100 mm.

Materials:
Hot-dipped galvanized .
Hot-dipped galvanized with PVC coated .
Galvanized aluminum alloy ( galfan).

Supply of Gabion Boxes to a tunnel project in India

Description

Gabion Box Double twisted Galvanised and PVC coated
Mesh Size 100 x 120 mm;
Mesh wire ID 2.77mm and OD 3.70mm;
Selvedge wire ID 3.2mm and OD 4.2mm;
Lacing wire ID 2.2mm and OD 3.2mm;
Stiffener ID 2.2mm and OD 3.2mm;
Box Size: 3M x 1M x 1M with two diaphragms

Gabion Box Double twisted Galvanised
Mesh Size 100 x 120 mm;
Mesh wire 2.77mm
Selvedge wire 3.2mm
Lacing wire 2.2mm
Stiffener 2.2mm
Box Size: 3M x 1M x 1M with two diaphragms

Metal Mesh Gabion Sheet

Diaphragms Galvanised:
Mesh Size 100 x 120 mm
Size: 1M x 1M

Gabion Boxes, to Uganda

Description

Box size:
2*1*1 m
1.5*1*0.5 m
3*2*0.3 m

Gabion box mesh 8*10
Wire 2.2 mm. 2.7 mm 3.4 mm

BOX GABIONS MADE OF HOT-DIP GLAVANIZED WIRE MESH for Tender in Cyprus

Description

Standard Dimensions of Gabions
(LXWXH) in meters
3 X 1 X 1
2 X 1 X 1
1,5 X 1 X 1
1 X 1 X 1
2 X 1 X 0,5

The standard type gabion made from flexible hot dip galvanized wire mesh of the type and size as specified below and detailed in the drawings.

The mesh shall be hexagonal woven mesh of the type 8 X 10 cm with the Joins formed by twisting each pair of wires through three half turns. The wire used in the fabrication of the gabions and in the wiring operation during, construction shall be in accordance with BS 1052:1980 “Mild steel wire” having an average tensile strength of 360-520 N/mm2. These values refer to the wire before fabrication of the netting. The diameter of the wire used in the fabrication of the netting shall not be less than 2.7 mm. All wires used in the fabrication of the gabions and in the wiring operation during construction shall be galvanized in accordance with CYS EN 10244 – 2:2009. The minimum zinc coating on wire 2.7 mm in diameter shall not be less than 245 gr/m2. In case the diameter of the wire used in the fabrication of the netting is greater than the value specified, then the thickness of the zinc coating shall be in accordance with CYS EN 10244-2:2009.

The adhesion of the zinc coating to the wire shall be such that when the wire is wrapped six turns round on a cylindrical mandrel having four times the diameter of the wire it does not flake or crack when rubbing it with the bare fingers. All edges of the standard gabions including end panels and the diaphragms shall be mechanically selvedged in such a way as to prevent reveling of the mesh and to develop the full strength of the mesh. The wire used for the selvedge shall have a diameter equal to or greater than 3.4 mm. the zinc coating of these wires shall be in accordance with CYS EN 10244-2:2009. Sufficient lacing and connecting wire shall be supplied with the gabions for all the wiring operations to be carried out in the construction of the gabions work. The quantity of such wire is estimated to be about 5 per cent approx. of the gabion weight supplied. The diameter of the lacing wire shall be 2.2 mm and the minimum mass of zinc coating shall be as given CYS EN 1024.

Tolerances on diameter of zinc coated round wire according to BS1052:1980.

Supply and Delivery of Gabion boxes to Mauritius

Description

GI Gabion Boxes 2x1x1 meters (LxWxH):

GI wire to be used shall be hot-dipped heavy-coated soft or hard quality low carbon steel wire meeting the requirements given as follows:

Nominal Diameter (mm): 3.25
Equivalent SWG: 10
Min. Zinc Coating (gm/m2): Hard: 250 Soft: 270

Zinc coating should be uniform and shall be able to withstand a minimum number of dips and adhesion test as per ISO.

Details of Gabions mesh

Size: Gabions Boxes (1x1x0.50) meters
Mesh size (mm): 100x120
Type of Mesh: Hexagonal
Selvedge wire-8 SWG mesh wire-10; binding wire -12 SWG

Size: Gabions mattress depth (0.30 to 6.0) meters
Mesh Size (mm): 100x120
Type of Mesh: Hexagonal
Selvedge wire-8 SWG mesh wire-10; binding wire -12 SWG

GI Gabion Boxes 1x1x0.50 meters (LxWxH):

GI wire to be used shall be hot-dipped heavy-coated soft or hard quality low carbon steel wire meeting the requirements given as follows:

Nominal Diameter (mm): 3.25
Equivalent SWG: 10
Min. Zinc Coating (gm/m2): Hard: 250 Soft: 270
Zinc coating should be uniform and shall be able to withstand a minimum number of dips and adhesion test as per ISO.

Details of Gabions mesh
Size: Gabions Boxes (3x1x0.50) meters
Mesh size (mm): 100x120
Type of Mesh: Hexagonal
Selvedge wire-8 SWG, mesh wire-10
Binding wire -12 SWG

Size: Gabions mattress depth (0.30 to 6.0) meters
Mesh Size (mm): 100x120
Type of Mesh: Hexagonal
Selvedge wire-8 SWG, mesh wire-10
Binding wire -12 SWG

Gabion Boxes and Gabion Mattresses

Description

2mx1mx1m Gabion Box, 2.7mm Galvanized Wire, 80x100 mesh size and 275g/m2 Zinc Coated with two compartments

3mx1mx300mm Gabion Mattress, 2.7mm Galvanized Wire, 80x100 mesh size and 275g/m2 Zinc Coated with three compartments

Gabion Boxes for project in England

Description

Gabion Boxes and Mattress and Geotextile

Gabion box with the following dimension:
2×1×1, 8×10
2.7mm mesh wire, 2.2mm binding wire, 3.4mm side wire
hot dip galvanized, zinc coating no less than 245g/m2
Supplied with 3x1x0.300 Mattress and Geo-textile

Gabion Box made with Mechanically Woven, Double Twisted, Hexagonal Shaped wire mesh, for holding Boulder

Description

Details:

Wire made high Ductile MS Wire with Heavy Class of Galvanization with an additional layer of Zinc + PVC Coating
Mesh Type of 10 x12 as per EN 10223 & ASTM A975

Mesh Wire of 2.7mm (I.D)/3.7mm

Weaving: Double Twisted by Mechanically Wrapping the Mesh wire round at least 2.5 Times, mechanical selvedged at the edges, lacing wire (Zinc + PVC Coated) of 2.2mm (I.D.)/3.2mm (O.D) with additional 5 % of the weight of Box for lacing wire supplied seperately

Quality: Complying ASTM and European norm

GABION BOX deliver to Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Description

Gabion Box measurement Opening 100 mm X 120 mm ( No partition )
·1 x 1 x 2 m
·1 x 1 x 2 m
·1 x 1 x 3 m
·1 x 1 x 4 m
·1 x 1 x 5 m

Gabion Mattress Brush, Opening 100mm X120mm)
·1 x 0.3 x 2 m
·1 x 0.5 x 3 m
·1 x 0.5 x 4 m
·1 x 0.5 x 5 m

Box Gabion and Mattress, Deliver to Thailand in 20' container

Description

Box Gabion
Heavy Galvanized
Wire 2.4mm & 2.7mm
Mesh 8x10CM
- 2 x 1 x 1.00M
- 2 x 1 x 0.50M

Mattress Heavy Galvanized
Wire 2.2mm
Mesh 6x8 cm
- 6 x 2 x 0.30M
- 3 x 2 x 0.30M
- 2 x 1 x 0.30M

Gabion boxes CIF to Haiti

Description

Extra 30 % more wire to tight up the gabion opening

Gabion Box with Two dividers Inside
Mesh Wire Diameter: 3.05 MM
EDGE Diameter: 3.4MM
Tolerance:+ - 0.08MM
OPENING: 8cm * 10cm
Dimension: 3M*1M * 1M
Divider Size :1M * 1M
Quality: Zinc coating >=260g/m2

Building a Retaining Wall with Box Gabbions

Gabion Boxes for Revetment Infrastructure Project in Ghana of Africa

Description

GABION scope:

Gabion boxes 1 m x 1 m, 2 m x 1 m .

Gabion mattress, thickness 300mm

Stone for rip-rap shall consist of well shaped hard dense durable rock. At least 50% of the pieces shall have a volume greater than 0.03 m³ and not more than 5% shall have a volume of less than 0.01 m³.

The surfaces to receive rip-rap shall be neatly trimmed to line and level, and all loose material compacted. The perimeter of rip-rap areas shall be protected by means of rock filled trenches, walls or other structures as detailed on the Drawings, or directed by the Engineer. Rock fill for perimeter trenches shall be of the same quality and size as that used in the construction of the adjoining rip-rap, but voids shall be filled with smaller stone and the entire backfill compacted.

A filter bed consisting of one or more layers of permeable material shall be placed on the prepared surface to the specified thickness. Care shall be taken not to mix the various grades of filter material, nor to disturb material already placed. If required, a filter fabric of an approved quality and grade shall be placed on the prepared surface or over the filter bed, as specified.

The stones shall be laid with close joints from the bottom of the slope of embankment or existing ground upward, the larger of the stones being laid at the bottom. The surface shall be hand packed, carefully bedded and tightly wedged with suitable spalls to form an even surface. Alternatively the Engineer may direct that the stones arc dumped from above and that the rip-rap is roughly dressed to the dimensions shown on the Drawings or instructed by the Engineer.

Gabions

Gabions shall be galvanized steel-wire-mesh cages, of acknowledged and approved make, packed with rock and used for the construction of retaining walls, channel linings, revetments and other anti-erosion structures. They shall comply with the standard sizes given in Table below, and subdivided into cells by means of diaphragms.

Standard Dimensions for Gabion Boxes and Mattresses

The cut edges of all mesh used in the construction of gabions shall be selvedged.

Wire used for gabions and for tying during construction shall be in accordance with BS 1052, shall have a tensile strength of at least 380 kN/m² and shall comply with Table 8.3. Galvanising shall be in accordance with BS EN 10244 and shall withstand 220 hours of exposure to salt spray test before failure by rusting.

Wire mesh shall comply with BS EN 10223 and the maximum mesh size, measured across the twisted wire flats shall be as indicated in Table 8.3

Gabions of PVC coated mesh and binding wire shall be of an acknowledged make, subject to approval by the Engineer.

Wire for Gabion Construction

Gabions shall be constructed to the shapes and dimensions indicated on the Drawings, Special Specification or as directed by the Engineer.

The surface upon which gabions are to be laid shall be trimmed to line and level and compacted to a minimum dry density of 93% MDD (GHA SI). Where required, a foundation trench shall be excavated along the toe of the revetment or wall, to the dimensions indicated on the Drawings or specified.

The assembly and installation of gabions shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, subject to the Engineer's approval. Joints shall be stitched together with 600 mm minimum lengths of binder wire, with at least one stitch per 50 mm, and each end of the wire shall be fixed with at least two turns upon itself. Adjacent gabions shall be stitched together with binder wire along all touching edges.

Sufficient connecting wires shall be tensioned between the vertical sides of all the outer visible cells, to prevent the deformation of cages as they are filled with stone. The corners of gabion cages shall be securely tied together to provide a uniform surface, and ensure that the structure does not resemble a series of blocks or panels.

Gabion boxes shall be laid with broken bond throughout to avoid continuous joints both horizontally and vertically.

The alignment of the gabion wall structure shall be correct to within a tolerance of 100 mm of the specified alignment and the level of any course of gabion shall be correct to within a tolerance of 50 mm of the specified level. In addition adjacent gabions shall not vary by more than 25 mm in line and/or level from each other.

Gabion structures, as constructed shall be within a tolerance of ± 5% on the specified height or width and ± 3% on the specified length.

Gabions shall be handpacked with clean, hard, durable, unweathered boulders or broken rock of 150 mm minimum dimensions and 300 mm maximum dimension. The sides shall be packed first in the form of a wall, using the largest pieces, with the majority placed as headers with broken joints to present a neat outside face. The interior of the gabion shall be hand packed with smaller pieces and the top layers shall be finished off with larger pieces. The whole interior and top layers shall be packed tight and hammered into place.

A geotextile of approved quality and grade shall be placed behind gabion faces in contact with existing or backfilled ground. The Contractor shall ensure that the geotextile is not damaged during the construction or backfilling around the gabion works and any damaged or torn material shall be replaced.

At the back face and ends of completed gabion work, the existing soil shall be backfilled, thoroughly compacted against the sides of the gabions and finished flush with the top surface of the gabion.

Masonry for Structures

General

The length of any stone proposed for masonry shall not exceed three times its height. The breadth on the bed shall not be less than 150 mm nor greater than three quarters of the thickness of the wall.

All stratified stone possessing bedding planes shall be laid with its natural bedding plane as nearly as possible at right angles to the direction of load. In the case of arch rings, the natural bedding plane shall be radial.

Facework quoins shall be built to a height not exceeding 900 mm in advance of the main body of the work and adjacent walling stepped down on either side.

Masonry facework between the quoins shall then be built to a height not exceeding 450 mm above the backing, which shall then be brought up to level with the completed facework. At no time shall the backing be built higher than the facework.

Joints
Except for dry rubble walling, all joints shall be sufficiently thick to prevent stone-to-stone contact and shall be completely filled with mortar. Mortar shall be of the type described in the Contract and shall comply with the relevant requirements.

Protection of new work
Newly laid masonry shall be protected against the harmful effects of weather. All visible masonry and any surface below the masonry which will be visible on completion of the works shall be clean and free of damage.

Squared rubble-coursed or broken-coursed
All stones shall be truly squared and dressed on the beds and joints for a distance of at least 125 mm from the exposed face. Bond stones shall be provided at the rate of one to every 0.85 m² of exposed face, and shall measure not less than 150 by 150 mm on the face, and not less than 450 mm in length or the full thickness of the wall if the latter is less than 450 mm. Sneck stones shall not be less than 75 mm in any dimension.